Management of type 2 diabetes: A handbook for general practice

Appendices

Appendix 1. Types of insulin available

Management of type 2 diabetes: A handbook for general practice
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Last revised: 17 Sep 2020

Type

Brand name

Manufacturer

Nature

Mealtime or prandial insulins

Ultra rapid-acting (onset in 5–10 minutes, peak at 30 minutes, duration for 3.5–4 hours)
Faster insulin aspart FiAsp Novo Nordisk Analogue

Rapid-acting (onset in 15–20 minutes, peak at one hour, duration for 3.5–4.5 hours)
Insulin lispro Humalog Lilly Analogue
Insulin aspart NovoRapid Novo Nordisk Analogue
Insulin glulisine Apidra Sanofi Analogue

Short-acting (onset in ~1 hour, peak at two to five hours, duration for six to eight hours)
Neutral Actrapid Novo Nordisk Human
  Humulin R Lilly Human

Basal insulins

Intermediate-acting
Isophane Humulin NPH Lilly Human
  Protaphane Novo Nordisk Human
Insulin detemir
Onset in three to four hours, peak at three to eight hours, duration for 20–24 hours		 Levemir Novo Nordisk Analogue
Insulin glargine (U100)
Onset in one to two hours, flat, duration for 18–24 hours		 Optisulin
 
 		 Sanofi
 
 		 Analogue
  Basaglar Lilly Analogue
Insulin glargine (U300)
Onset in one to two hours, flat, duration for 24–36 hours		 Toujeo Sanofi Analogue

Premixed insulins
Lispro 25%/lispro protamine 75%
Onset in 15–20 minutes, peak at one hour, duration for 14–24 hours		 Humalog Mix 25 Lilly Analogue
Lispro 50%/lispro protamine 50%
Onset in 15–20 minutes, peak at one hour, duration for 14–24 hours		 Humalog Mix 50 Lilly Analogue
Insulin aspart 30%/insulin aspart protamine 70%
Onset in 15–20 minutes, peak at one hour, duration for 14–24 hours		 NovoMix 30 Novo Nordisk Analogue
Neutral 30%/isophane 70%
Onset in one to two hours, peak at two to five hours, duration for 12–18 hours		 Humulin 30/70 Lilly Human
  Mixtard 30/70 Novo Nordisk Human
Neutral 50%/isophane 50%
Onset in one to two hours, peak at two to five hours, duration for 12–18 hours		 Mixtard 50/50 Novo Nordisk Human

Premixed insulins
Insulin degludec 70% and insulin aspart 30%
Onset in 5–20 minutes, peak at one hour, duration for 36–48 hours		 Ryzodeg 70/30 Novo Nordisk Analogue

NOTES:

Ultra-rapid acting insulin should be administered either up to two minutes before a meal, or at the start of a meal, or up to 20 minutes after starting a meal.

Rapid-acting, pre-mixed and co-formulated insulin should be administered 15 minutes prior to a meal.

Short-acting insulin should be administered 20–30 minutes prior to a meal.

Intermediate- and long-acting basal insulins can be given irrespective of a meal.

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