Appendix 1

Management of type 2 diabetes: A handbook for general practice

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Appendix 1. Types of insulin available

Type	Brand name	Manufacturer	Nature
Mealtime or prandial insulins
Ultra rapid-acting (onset in 5–10 minutes, peak at 30 minutes, duration for 3.5–4 hours)
Faster insulin aspart	FiAsp	Novo Nordisk	Analogue
Rapid-acting (onset in 15–20 minutes, peak at 1 hour, duration for 3.5–4.5 hours)
U200 Insulin lispro	Humalog	Lilly	Analogue
Insulin aspart	NovoRapid	Novo Nordisk	Analogue
Insulin glulisine	Apidra	Sanofi	Analogue
Short-acting (onset in ~1 hour, peak at 2–5 hours, duration for 6–8 hours)
Neutral	Actrapid	Novo Nordisk	Human
	Humulin R	Lilly	Human
Basal insulins
Intermediate-acting
Isophane	Humulin NPH	Lilly	Human
	Protaphane	Novo Nordisk	Human
Insulin detemir Onset in 3–4 hours, peak at 3–8 hours, duration for 20–24 hours	Levemir	Novo Nordisk	Analogue
Insulin glargine (U100) Onset in 1–2 hours, flat, duration for 18–24 hours	Optisulin	Sanofi	Analogue
	Semglee	Alphapharm	Analogue
Insulin glargine (U300) Onset in 1–2 hours, flat, duration for 24–36 hours	Toujeo	Sanofi	Analogue
Premixed insulins
Lispro 25%/lispro protamine 75% Onset in 15–20 minutes, peak at 1 hour, duration for 14–24 hours	Humalog Mix 25	Lilly	Analogue
Lispro 50%/lispro protamine 50% Onset in 15–20 minutes, peak at 1 hour, duration for 14–24 hours	Humalog Mix 50	Lilly	Analogue
Insulin aspart 30%/insulin aspart protamine 70% Onset in 15–20 minutes, peak at 1 hour, duration for 14–24 hours	NovoMix 30	Novo Nordisk	Analogue
Neutral 30%/isophane 70% Onset in 1–2 hours, peak at 2–5 hours, duration for 12–18 hours	Humulin 30/70	Lilly	Human
	Mixtard 30/70	Novo Nordisk	Human
Insulin co-formulation
Insulin degludec 70% and insulin aspart 30% Onset in 5–20 minutes, peak at 1 hour, duration for 36–48 hours	Ryzodeg 70/30	Novo Nordisk	Analogue
Notes: ltra-rapid acting insulin should be administered from up to 2 minutes before a meal, at the start of a meal, or up to 20 minutes after starting a meal. Rapid-acting, pre-mixed and co-formulated insulin should be administered 15 minutes prior to a meal. Short-acting insulin should be administered 20–30 minutes prior to a meal. Intermediate- and long-acting basal insulins can be given regardless of a meal.

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Appendix 1

Appendix 1. Types of insulin available

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